(By Khalid Masood) Introduction: A Maritime Flashpoint in Focus On 2 March 2026, Iranian authorities declared the Strait of Hormuz temporarily closed to commercial navigation, following a series of coordinated military operations by the United States and Israel against Iranian defence and nuclear infrastructure. The declaration sent immediate shockwaves through global energy and agricultural markets,…
(By Khalid Masood) The post-Cold War era ushered in what scholars famously called the “unipolar moment”—a historical interval in which the United States stood unrivaled in military reach, economic weight, financial architecture, and cultural influence. Today, that moment is widely declared over. The rise of China, the expansion of BRICS+, and the fragmentation of global…
(By Khalid Masood) A quiet but consequential shift is unfolding across US defence planning: the significant drawdown of critical missile stockpiles. According to converging assessments from defence analysts, parliamentary briefings, and open-source reporting, the United States has committed or expended more than half of certain high-demand interceptor and strike missile inventories. Full missile replenishment is…
(By Khalid Masood) Introduction: The Fifth Domain of Warfare Throughout human history, warfare has evolved across distinct domains—land, sea, air, and space. Each new domain shifted the balance of power, rewarded innovators, and punished those who failed to adapt. Today, a fifth domain has emerged as perhaps the most contested battlespace of all: cyberspace. Unlike traditional…
(By Mohsin Tanveer) Introduction More than three decades after its first publication, Peter Senge’s The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization remains a cornerstone of modern business literature. But is it still relevant in today’s fast-paced, agile-driven world? In this The Fifth Discipline book review, we’ll break down Senge’s core ideas—especially systems thinking—and explore why leaders,…
(By Khalid Masood) 🔍 The Illusion of Pause On the morning President Trump announced a unilateral extension of the US-Iran ceasefire, IRGC fast-attack craft conducted live-fire drills just 18 nautical miles from the Strait of Hormuz. The juxtaposition captures the defining paradox of the current Middle East crisis: diplomatic language signals restraint, while operational posturing…
(By Khalid Masood) INTRODUCTION: A NAME FORGED IN EMPIRE AND ECHOED IN CONFLICT “Whoever controls Hormuz controls the jewel in the ring of the world.”— Arab geographer’s description, 10th century CE The name Hormuz carries over a millennium of Persian heritage, maritime ambition, and strategic resonance. Etymologically, it derives from the Middle Persian Hormoz or…
(By Khalid Masood) As the calendar turns toward April 22, when a fragile, Pakistan-brokered ceasefire between the United States and Iran is set to expire, global diplomatic attention remains fixed on Islamabad. Yet contrary to widespread speculation and unverified social media reports, Pakistan’s Foreign Office has confirmed that no date has been finalized for a…
(By Khalid Masood) As tactical pauses multiply across global conflict zones, diplomats and strategic analysts are confronting a persistent structural dilemma: how to convert temporary silences of the guns into enduring political settlements. I. Introduction The global conflict landscape of 2025–2026 has been characterised not by decisive victories, but by an accelerating proliferation of localised…
(By Ayesha Mahnoor) Introduction: The Seduction of Linear Thinking “History rarely moves in straight lines, and global supremacy has never been awarded on a spreadsheet.” The narrative is familiar, almost ritualistic: China’s economy will surpass America’s, its technological edge will widen, and the 21st century will belong to Beijing. This projection is presented not as…
